1. Basa rekusefa midhiya
Sefa midhiya inoreva zvinhu zvinoshandiswa kusefa, kupatsanura uye kuchenesa zvinhu, uye zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukurapa kwemvura, kurapwa kwemhepo, indasitiri yemakemikari nemamwe minda. Sefa midhiya inogona kuita basa rekusefa, kupatsanura, adsorption, nezvimwewo, uye inogona kunyatso bvisa yakamiswa nyaya, chromaticity, tsvina, kunhuwa, bhakitiriya flora uye zvimwe zvinokuvadza mumvura kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwemvura; panguva imwecheteyo, inogonawo kubvisa zvinosvibisa mumhepo uye kuvandudza kunaka kwemhepo.
Mukurapa kwemvura, sefa midhiya inonyanya kushandiswa kune yakadzika kusefa, kucheneswa kwemvura uye kugadzirisa tsvina. Mukurapa kwemhepo, sefa midhiya inogona kushandiswa kusefa kwemhepo, kubvisa guruva uye zvimwe zvinhu. Pamusoro pezvo, mafirita midhiya anoshandiswawo zvakanyanya mumakemikari, mishonga, chikafu uye mamwe maindasitiri, uye mabasa awo anosanganisira kupatsanura, kucheneswa, adsorption, kudzokorora, nezvimwe.
2. Mhando uye mamiriro ekushandiswa kwesefa midhiya
A. Sand filter media
Sand sefa midhiya inokodzera kurapwa kwepombi yemvura, kuchenesa tsvina, sediment kurapwa, kuchenesa dziva uye mamwe minda. Basa rayo ndere kushandisa hukuru hwakasiyana hwepore ezvimedu zvakawanda zvesefa midhiya kuparadzanisa tsvina uye tunhu mumvura kuita kuti mvura ijeke.
B. Activated carbon filter material
Activated kabhoni sefa zvinhu ndeye organic adsorption zvinhu zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukunwa kuchenesa mvura, kuchenesa mvura yetsvina, kuchenesa mhepo uye mamwe minda. Basa rayo nderokubvisa zvinosvibisa zvakadai sekunhuwa, ruvara, organic matter mumvura, pamwe nekunhuwa uye magasi anokuvadza ari mumhepo.
C. Fiber sefa zvinhu
Fiber filter material imhando yepamusoro-yekusefetera zvinhu zvakanaka inoshandiswa mumakemikari, mishonga, chikafu nezvimwe. Basa rayo nderekusefa tudikidiki mumvura uye kubvisa tupukanana tudiki senge mabhakitiriya nemavhairasi.